[N4] 文法・読解 5 Passage Reading

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Frequently asked questions

料理（りょうり）をしたらすぐ食（た）べるようにするのは、 どうしてですか。

Why should you try to eat right after cooking? 雨（あめ）の季節（きせつ）になりました。 The rainy season has begun. これから夏（なつ）まで気温（きおん）が高（たか）くなりますので、食（た）べものに注意（ちゅうい）してください。 From now until summer, the temperature will gradually rise, so pay attention to food. 買（か）い物（もの）したらすぐに冷蔵庫（れいぞうこ）に入（い）れる、① 料理をしたらすぐ食べるように してください。 After shopping, immediately put it in the fridge; after cooking, try to eat right away. 古（ふる）くなった物（もの）は、食（た）べないようにしてください。 Do not eat old items. それから、手（て）を洗（あら）うことも大切（たいせつ）です。 And washing hands is also important. 外（そと）から家（いえ）に帰（かえ）ったら、必（かなら）ず手（て）を洗（あら）いましょう。 After returning from outside, you must wash your hands. 料理（りょうり）をする前（まえ）にも、もちろん洗（あら）ってください。 Of course, wash your hands before cooking as well. 水（すい）だけではだめです。 You cannot wash with just water. せっけんを使（つか）って、指（ゆび）の間（あいだ）までしっかり洗（あら）ってください。 Use soap and wash thoroughly between your fingers. これは、② お腹を壊さないようにするために大切なこと です。 This is important to avoid stomach ailments. 気温（きおん）が高（たか）くなったら、もう一（ひと）つ注意（ちゅうい）することがあります。 There is still something to note when the temperature rises. それは「熱中（ねっちゅう）症（しょう）」です。 That is heatstroke. 水（すい）を十分（じゅうぶん）飲（の）まないと、高（たか）い熱（ねつ）が出（で）てさがらなくなってしまいます。 If you don't drink enough water, you won't be able to lower a high fever. 外（そと）で仕事（しごと）をする人（ひと）やスポーツをする人（ひと）は、水（みず）やお茶（ちゃ）などを飲（の）んでください。 People working outside or playing sports should drink water or tea. ジュースでもいいです。 Fruit juice is also fine.

おなかをこわさないようにするために大切なこと は、何（なん）ですか。

What is the most important thing to avoid damaging your stomach?

「ねっちゅうしょう」にならいように注意（ちゅうい）することは、 何（なん）ですか。

What precautions should be taken to avoid heatstroke?

この会議（かいぎ）はどんな会議（かいぎ）ですか

What kind of meeting is this? 国際（こくさい）会議（かいぎ）のボランティア（お手伝（てつだ）い）をしてみませんか。 Would you like to volunteer for the international meeting? 5月（がつ）に。東京（とうきょう）で、目（め）の見（み）えない人（ひと）たちの国際（こくさい）会議（かいぎ）が開（ひら）かれます。 In May, an international conference for the blind will be held in Tokyo. 会議（かいぎ）では、世界（せかい）の目（め）の見（み）えない人（ひと）たちが、いろいろなことについて話（はな）し合（あ）います。 At the conference, blind people from around the world will discuss various topics together. この会議（かいぎ）のために外国（がいこく）から日本（にほん）に来（く）る、目（め）の見（み）えない人（ひと）たちの、お手伝（てつだ）いをしてくれる人（ひと）を30人（にん）探（さが）しています。 Because of the conference, we are looking for 30 people who can assist blind individuals coming from abroad to Japan. 空港（くうこう）に迎（むか）えに行（い）ったり、東京（とうきょう）を案内（あんない）したりしてみませんか。 Would you like to go to the airport to pick them up or guide them around Tokyo? ボランティアは…….. Volunteer 1 日本人（にほんじん）でも外国（がいこく）人（じん）でもかまいません。 Whether you're Japanese or foreign, it's fine. 2 日本人（にほんじん）は外国語（がいこくご）が話（はな）せること、外国（がいこく）人（じん）は日本語（にほんご）ができなければなりません。 Japanese people must be able to speak foreign languages, and foreigners must be able to speak Japanese. 日本語（にほんご）はN4 合格（ごうかく）レベル以上（いじょう）の力（ちから）が必要（ひつよう）です。 Having an N4 Japanese language certificate is essential. N4の試験（しけん）を受（う）けたことがない人（ひと）は、会話（かいわ）と漢字（かんじ）の簡単（かんたん）な試験（しけん）をします。 People who have never taken the N4 exam will take a simple test on conversation and kanji. 3 会議（かいぎ）は3日間（にちかん）です。 The conference lasts three days. ボランティアは2日以上（にちいじょう）できる人（ひと）にお願（ねが）いします。 Therefore, we need volunteers who can work for at least two days. 会議（かいぎ）が始（はじ）まる1カ月（げつ）前（まえ）から3回（かい）、ボランティアの人達（ひとたち）のための勉強会（べんきょうかい）をします。 We will hold three study sessions for volunteers starting one month before the conference begins. 必（かなら）ず出席（しゅっせき）してください。 Please be sure to attend. アルバイトではありませんので、お礼（れい）のお金（かね）は出（だ）せませんが、目（め）の見（み）えない人（ひと）と一緒（いっしょ）に乗（の）った電車（でんしゃ）・バス・タクシーなどのお金（かね）は全部（ぜんぶ）出（で）ます。 Since this is not a part-time job, we cannot provide a thank-you payment, but we will cover all transportation costs (train, bus, taxi) when traveling with the blind people.

どんな人（ひと）をさがしていますか

How are you looking for people?

ボランティアをすることが「できない」のはどんな人（ひと）ですか

What type of people cannot become volunteers?

おきゃくさんはふつう、 へやのどこにすわるのがいいですか。

Normally, where should guests sit in a room Do you know the term "sekiji" (seating order)? It means which seat is the best, which is second, and which is third. When entering a room, it can be tricky to figure out who sits where. Please have teachers, seniors, older people, and guests sit in the area farthest from the room's entrance. Please remember that the spot far from the entrance is the seat reserved for guests. Conversely, people from the host's side (who are not guests) and younger people should sit near the entrance. It is more convenient to be near the entrance when serving tea or sweets to guests. There is also a "sekiji" (seating order) when getting into a taxi or an elevator. In a taxi, the seat next to the driver's seat is the lowest in "sekiji" (seating order). In an elevator, the area near the destination buttons and the open/close door buttons is the lower "sekiji" (seating order). Whether in a taxi or an elevator, please let teachers, seniors, and guests board first and alight first. The seat next to the taxi driver or in front of the elevator buttons has a similar meaning to being near the room's entrance. The idea that guests should sit far from the entrance is useful, but the guests' feelings are actually the most important thing. If, at a restaurant, that person says they want to eat while looking at a beautiful garden, please have them sit in a seat with a good view of the outside, even if it is near the entrance.

タクシーの運転席のとなりや、エレベーターのボタンの前 はどのようなところですか

What is the area next to the taxi driver's seat or in front of the elevator button?

じぶんの大切（たいせつ）なおきゃくさんのために、どんなことにちゅういしますか

What should you be careful about because of your important client?

日本（にほん）では電話（でんわ）で話（はな）すとき、 最初（さいしょ）に何（なに）と言（い）うことが多（おお）いですか

In Japan, when talking on the phone, what is usually said first? When talking on the phone, why do we say "moshi moshi"? It is said that in the early days of the telephone, people used to say "moushi agemasu, moushi agemasu" (I am speaking, I am speaking) to mean "I am about to speak," and this was shortened over time. However, recently, more and more people have come to think that it is better not to say "moshi moshi." Let's think about calling a company. Suppose the person who answers the phone says "Hai, moshi moshi." In that case, the caller won't know who they are calling and will feel anxious. Therefore, you would have to say "Moshi moshi, is this XX Trading?" What if, instead of saying "moshi moshi" first, you said "Hai, this is XX Trading"? The caller can immediately say "This is YY" and start the conversation right away. It is said that new employees starting at a company are sometimes made to practice not saying "moshi moshi." I would like to say that you should also try not to say "moshi moshi" starting today, but since this word was born with the telephone, it also carries the meaning of "Can you hear me?" or "I can hear you." Wouldn't it be fine to use it when talking to people whose identity is clear from their voice, or when speaking on the phone with elderly people?

会社（かいしゃ）に電話（でんわ）したとき「はい、もしもし」と言（い）われたら、かけた人（ひと）はどうしますか

After calling the company and being greeted with "Yes, hello," what will the caller do?

新しく会社に入って働き始める人には「もしもし」と言わないれんしゅうをさせることもある のはなぜですか

Why is there also practice for not saying "hello" for those who are new to working at the company?

この文書（ぶんしょ）を書（か）いた人（ひと）は「もしもし」についてどう思（おも）っていますか。

What does the author of this essay think about saying "Hello"?